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By now Albert was developing his own free jazz style, so inevitably there was no work. In early 1962, he returned to Europe, settling in Sweden. He made his first recordings at a private session and these were not widely released until a few years later. Later in 62 he met up with Don Cherry (who was touring with Sonny Rollins), and with whom he would later record four albums. Then in December he saw the Cecil Taylor group in Stockholm and asked if he could join them. He travelled with Taylor to Denmark and made his official debut album, My Name Is Albert Ayler in January 1963, with a pick-up group of local musicians.

He returned to America, settled in New York and continued to play with Cecil Taylor until the work (and the money) ran out. He then returned to Cleveland for a while (a regular pattern in his life, money was always a problem and he received economic support from his parents, and later from John Coltrane) before moving back to New York. He played at a few jam sessions at Ornette Coleman's house around December 1963. On January 14th, 1964, Albert married Arlene Benton.

In February 1964 there was a recording session organised in New York by the Danish label, Debut Records. This resulted in the "Witches and Devils" LP (aka "Spirits"), and the set of spirituals and other traditional material which was released posthumously. Albert then formed a trio with Gary Peacock on bass and Sunny Murray on drums. As well as a live LP (again released posthumously), this is the unit which produced the universally acknowledged classic jazz album, "Spiritual Unity", which was recorded in July 1964 and released on the new ESP label. Albert`s second LP for ESP was the soundtrack album, "New York Eye And Ear Control", which featured a larger group, including Don Cherry. The Cafe Montmartre in Copenhagen then invited Albert to return to Europe. Don Cherry was added to the regular trio and the group made the outstanding record, "Ghosts" (aka "Vibrations", "Mothers and Children") in September 1964. Don Cherry had decided to remain in Europe, so when Albert returned to New York, he asked his brother, Donald, to join his band.

With the addition of Donald Ayler, Albert`s music changed yet again, at times sounding like a New Orleans marching band, which gave the regular jazz critics even more problems, wondering whether it was meant to be taken seriously or as a parody. When ESP issued "Bells", recorded in 1965 and released as a one-sided, see-through disc, the name of Albert Ayler became even more notorious. Although the "Free Jazz" movement was at its height in the mid-Sixties (Albert even made the cover of Downbeat), it was never a popular form of music. Albert Ayler was working, but he still relied on his parents and John Coltrane for financial support. He'd also left his wife around the beginning of 1966, after he met Mary Parks.

There was another European tour in November 1966. On November 15th he played at the London School of Economics. This concert was recorded for the BBC2 "Jazz Goes To College" series, but it was never broadcast and the tape was later destroyed. (I should add a note here because the Jeff Schwartz biography implies that the BBC executives were so shocked by Ayler's music that they ordered the immediate destruction of the tapes. It is true that `jazz experts` were consulted and they advised the BBC not to broadcast the programme, but the tapes were destroyed as part of a general space-saving exercise which resulted in the loss of a number of classic drama and comedy programmes as well as the odd concert. As far as I know all the tapes of the "Jazz Goes To College" series, which included performances by Sonny Rollins and Max Roach, were wiped after they'd been shown. However, to give the BBC their due, they did manage to conserve every TV recording of the annual "Trooping The Colour" ceremony - a pointless 2 hour ritual where the Queen sits on a horse and salutes a load of men in silly hats.)

On his return from Europe, Albert embarked on his first major recording contract, since John Coltrane had finally persuaded Bob Thiele at Impulse Records to sign him to the label. It is difficult to overestimate the influence of Coltrane on Ayler, not musically, but in terms of support and encouragement. Coltrane was constantly "cleaning the mirror", his music becoming more and more uncompromising. Perhaps it`s wrong to speculate, but one can't help but wonder whether Albert's music would have changed so radically during the Impulse years if he'd had his friend there to guide him. John Coltrane died on July 17th 1967.

After the magnificence of "In Greenwich Village" and "Love Cry", came the selling-out of "New Grass" and the banality of "Music Is The Healing Force Of The Universe". Whether this was a genuine attempt to make his music more accessible and spread his spiritual message further, or whether he just did it for the money, either way it didn't work. The contract with Impulse was terminated. The problems with the music were reflected in Albert's private life. In the summer of 1968 he stopped working with his brother. According to Donald this was because of the influence of Mary Parks, but he also had his own problems and ended up having a nervous breakdown and was institutionalised for a time. In July 1970, Albert played his last concerts in France.

On November 25, 1970, Albert Ayler's body was found floating in the East River, at the foot of Congress Street Pier, in Brooklyn.